The efficacy of computer-delivered treatment for smoking cessation.

BACKGROUND The current study evaluated the efficacy of an individualized, hand-held computer-delivered treatment (CDT) versus standard treatment (ST) for the maintenance of smoking abstinence following a quit attempt. METHODS Participants were 303 adult daily smokers randomized to CDT or ST, plus pharmacotherapy. Abstinence though 1 year was examined using logistic random intercept models, a type of generalized linear mixed model regression. RESULTS Results did not support the efficacy of the CDT program through 1 year postquit in analyses adjusted for time and study site (OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.55-1.30), or after further adjusting for race/ethnicity, age, gender, education, marital status, and the number of cigarettes smoked per day before quitting (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.57-1.39). CONCLUSIONS CDT did not increase short- or long-term abstinence rates over ST in this study. IMPACT Findings differ from some in the literature and suggest the need for continued research on the use of CDT for smoking cessation.